{"id":139547,"date":"2023-08-08T12:22:39","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T11:22:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/een-eerlijke-energietransitie\/"},"modified":"2025-03-27T13:34:46","modified_gmt":"2025-03-27T12:34:46","slug":"a-just-energy-transition","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/our-work\/a-just-energy-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"A just energy transition"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\"><em>Header photo: <\/em>\u00a9\u00a0<em>Alyansa Tigil Mina<\/em><\/mark><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Globally, the effects of climate change are becoming more and more visible. Extreme droughts, floods, heat waves, hurricanes and forest fires are becoming more frequent and affecting people around the world, mainly those who have contributed least to the climate crisis. To minimize the effects of climate change as well as warming, we need to switch from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources and our energy consumption. IUCN NL is working towards a fair energy transition that minimizes the negative impact on people and nature.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-medium\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p class=\"has-cyan-bluish-gray-color has-text-color\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">The energy transition is incredibly complex. If it is not done in an equitable manner, it can foster inequality. At the same time, the energy transition offers a unique opportunity to both solve the climate crisis and reduce inequality and poverty.<\/mark><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:23px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Resources for the energy transition<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The energy transition requires huge amounts of minerals and metals, which are used, for example, in batteries and solar cells. The World Bank estimates that the demand for raw materials needed for the energy transition will increase by 500% by 2050.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/press-release\/2020\/05\/11\/mineral-production-to-soar-as-demand-for-clean-energy-increases\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/press-release\/2020\/05\/11\/mineral-production-to-soar-as-demand-for-clean-energy-increases<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"538\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Nickel-mining-on-Sulawesi-c-Fachrudin-Jabrig-Indonesia-Nature-Film-Society-1024x538.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139732 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Nickel-mining-on-Sulawesi-c-Fachrudin-Jabrig-Indonesia-Nature-Film-Society-1024x538.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Nickel-mining-on-Sulawesi-c-Fachrudin-Jabrig-Indonesia-Nature-Film-Society-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Nickel-mining-on-Sulawesi-c-Fachrudin-Jabrig-Indonesia-Nature-Film-Society-768x403.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Nickel-mining-on-Sulawesi-c-Fachrudin-Jabrig-Indonesia-Nature-Film-Society-1536x807.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/Nickel-mining-on-Sulawesi-c-Fachrudin-Jabrig-Indonesia-Nature-Film-Society.png 1917w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/538;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Nickle mining on Sulawesi (c) Fachrudin Jabrig &#8211; Indonesia Nature Film Society<\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Many of these raw materials are located in the global South in places of high biodiversity<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">See: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.msci.com\/www\/blog-posts\/mining-s-impact-on-biodiversity\/02547548673\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.msci.com\/www\/blog-posts\/mining-s-impact-on-biodiversity\/02547548673\" target=\"_blank\">Mining\u2019s Impact on Biodiversity: A Rising Risk?<\/a> (MSCI, 2021)<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> and extracting them may lead to deforestation, pollution and violations of the rights of indigenous peoples &amp; local communities. For example in the Tompotika forest in Indonesia, threatened by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/blog\/will-the-rise-of-the-electric-car-cause-the-destruction-of-the-tropical-forest\/\">nickel mining<\/a>; the Atewa forest in Ghana where there are plans for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/the-impact-of-bauxite-mining-in-ghanas-atewa-forest\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/verhaal\/de-gevolgen-van-bauxietwinning-in-het-atewabos\/\">bauxite mining<\/a>; and Tampakan in the Philippines where indigenous communities are resisting large-scale mining of copper ore in a fragile river basin.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:43px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-medium\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The majority of raw materials needed for the energy transition are extracted from the global South for meager pay and under poor working conditions and exported to the North. Meanwhile, communities in the South suffer from deforestation, environmental degradation, exploitation and health damage. Added to this is the disproportionate impact of climate change, caused mainly by the fossil footprint of Western countries. Women, girls and Indigenous people are particularly hard hit in this regard.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/opinie\/de-energietransitie-biedt-kansen-voor-echt-gelijkwaardige-handelsrelaties-met-afrikaanse-landen\/\">Read our opinion piece on a just energy transition (in Dutch)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Deep sea mining on the rise<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Recently, there has also been increased interest in exploring deep-sea mining. This is because the deep sea floor is rich in raw materials such as cobalt and nickel, minerals whose demand is only increasing due to the energy transition. The deep sea has tremendously high biodiversity: Scientists believe that as many as 10 million species may inhabit the deep sea. The majority of species are yet to be discovered.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/savethehighseas.org\/about-the-deep-sea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/savethehighseas.org\/about-the-deep-sea\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> The ocean also acts as a \u201ccarbon sink\u201d and absorbs about 31% of the CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions released into the atmosphere.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/quantifying-ocean-carbon-sink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/quantifying-ocean-carbon-sink<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> Disturbance by deep-sea mining could affect this. Experts call for more research into the impact before deep-sea mining can begin as well as a greater focus on alternative ways to achieve a successful energy transition without disturbing the deep sea. For example, the demand for transition minerals could be reduced by as much as 58% if more effort is put into innovation and recycling<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wwf.nl\/globalassets\/pdf\/rapporten\/the-future-is-circular---sintef.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Future Is Circular: Circular Economy and Critical Minerals for the Green Transition<\/a>, SINTEF \/ WWF, november 2022<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1605jellyfish-hires-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139735 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1605jellyfish-hires-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1605jellyfish-hires-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1605jellyfish-hires-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1605jellyfish-hires-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/1605jellyfish-hires.jpg 1920w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/576;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">A jellyfish photographed at a depth of 3700 meters.<br><em>Image courtesy of NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, 2016 Deepwater Exploration of the Marianas<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Marginalised groups hit extra hard<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Where forests are cleared for large-scale mining activities and associated heavy infrastructure, it is often at the expense of territory and the rights of the Indigenous peoples and other residents of the area. With their extensive knowledge and experience, these communities play a key role in forest governance, and are key actors that should have a strong voice in all in all decision-making processes that affect their lands and livelihoods.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>It is important that the rights of Indigenous peoples and other residents of the area -especially women and youth, who are often underrepresented in decision-making- are recognized and respected, and that they play a greater role in policy and decision-making. The principles of <em>free, prior and informed consent<\/em> (FPIC) and the right to a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment are guiding principles here.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"background background-preset-primary\" id=\"block_b4c6ef12fccd2fe1926e309d6d5a4989\">\n             <div class=\"dark custom-padding-top\">\n    \n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Facts &amp; figures<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>44%<\/strong> of all mining takes place in forests<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/104271560321150518\/pdf\/Forest-Smart-Mining-Identifying-Factors-Associated-with-the-Impacts-of-Large-Scale-Mining-on-Forests.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Forest Smart Mining<\/a>, World Bank 2019<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>, while globally 1.6 billion people depend on forests for their livelihoods.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[7]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: UN Environment Programme: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/explore-topics\/forests\/about-forests\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.unep.org\/explore-topics\/forests\/about-forests<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>77%<\/strong> of all mines are located within a radius of 50 km of important biodiversity areas.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_8');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_8');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_8\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[8]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_8\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Bron: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wwf.de\/fileadmin\/fm-wwf\/Publikationen-PDF\/Wald\/WWF-Studie-Extracted-Forests.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Extracted forests<\/a>, WWF 2023<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_8').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_8', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M<strong>ore than half<\/strong> of the mining needed for the energy transition is in or around the territories of indigenous peoples.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_9');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_9');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_9\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[9]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_9\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41893-022-00994-6\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41893-022-00994-6<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_9').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_9', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>By <strong>2050<\/strong>, the demand for natural resources will have increased with <strong>500%.<\/strong><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_10');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_10');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_10\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[10]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_10\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/extractiveindustries\/brief\/climate-smart-mining-minerals-for-climate-action\" target=\"_blank\">Minerals for Climate Action<\/a>, Worldbank 2019<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_10').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_10', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mining often goes hand in hand with <strong>human rights violations.<\/strong><span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_11');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_11');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_11\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[11]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_11\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">See: https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/press-releases\/deadly-decade-land-and-environmental-activists-killing-every-two-days\/,&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_11');\">Continue reading<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_11').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_11', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> A report by the Responsible Mining Index shows that the world&#8217;s largest mining companies have an average score of <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Issues\/Business\/UNGPsBHRnext10\/inputs\/responsible_mining_foundation_summaries.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">only 19% on human rights-related issues.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:15px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is IUCN NL doing for a just energy transition?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Reduced consumption and more reuse of raw materials<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>If energy use remains the same, even if it will increasingly come from renewable sources, the explosive growth in the use of metals and minerals for the energy transition risk leading to ecological disasters in extractive areas.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_12');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_12');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_12\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[12]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_12\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41560-018-0172-6\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41560-018-0172-6<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_12').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_12', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> Therefore, global energy consumption should be down-scaled. Moving towards a circular economy \u2013 recovering and reusing critical raw materials &#8211; is crucial in reducing our dependence on primary raw materials as well as the negative impact of mining.<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_13');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_139547_1('footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_13');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_13\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[13]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_13\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ser.nl\/nl\/actueel\/zicht\/op\/circulaire-economie-energietransitie\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ser.nl\/nl\/actueel\/zicht\/op\/circulaire-economie-energietransitie<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_13').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_139547_1_13', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/DSC_0166-3-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139737 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/DSC_0166-3-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/DSC_0166-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/DSC_0166-3-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/DSC_0166-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/08\/DSC_0166-3-2048x1366.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/683;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\"><em>\u00a9 Alyansa Tigil Mina<\/em><\/mark><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Stricter and transparent mining laws and regulations<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>In areas where mining takes place, we strengthen the voice of (indigenous) people and those who advocate for environmental &#8211; and human rights, and for transparency throughout the mineral value chains. We also work and advocate with them to improve local laws and regulations and make international standards for mining known and accessible and push for compliance.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-medium\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>In addition to existing laws and regulations, there are also voluntary sustainability standards to which mining companies can commit. These industry standards often set higher sustainability requirements than national laws and regulations. We encourage companies to publicly commit to such standards and guidelines, such as those of the IRMA (<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/responsiblemining.net\/\" target=\"_blank\">Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance<\/a>). Many multinationals are now aligning themselves with these performance standards, in part because more and more investors are setting requirements in this area.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Certain areas, such as those of critical importance for biodiversity, water supply and climate adaptation and mitigation, should, as far as we are concerned, be completely excluded from mining and designated as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2021\/03\/iucn_nl_position_on_industrial_and_infrastructure_development.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">no-go zones<\/a>. Also towards European and Dutch stakeholders we push for stricter regulations and standards, and we stress the importance of reducing energy consumption, increased recycling and circular design.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>A more transparent chain<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>To ensure that raw materials are extracted in a responsible manner, transparency throughout the value chain is crucial: from licensing to processing the minerals into the final metal product. Every company that processes products from mining must know where and under what conditions the minerals are extracted. IUCN NL encourages companies in the metals sector to better map their chain, and pushes for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/news\/the-netherlands-accepts-corporate-social-responsibility-recommendations-requested-by-iucn-nl\/\">binding regulations<\/a>. This is done as part of, amongst others, Agreements for International Social Responsibility (IMVO-covenants) and by working with standards like the IRMA and the <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/eiti.org\/collections\/eiti-standard\" target=\"_blank\">Extractives Industry Transparency Initiative<\/a> (EITI).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Firm agreements on nature restoration<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Mining causes, more often than not, irreparable damage to nature and biodiversity. This is why IUCN NL advocates <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2021\/03\/iucn_nl_position_on_industrial_and_infrastructure_development-1.pdf\">no-go zones<\/a> in the first instance. If mining does take place, it should be done following a forward looking standard as the IRMA. This includes also their standard for mine site restoration: a plan of action to restore the degraded landscape after mining. When granting permits for mining, concrete plans with budgets for nature restoration should already be there and be monitored.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"background background-preset-primary\" id=\"block_b4c6ef12fccd2fe1926e309d6d5a4989\">\n             <div class=\"dark custom-padding-top\">\n    \n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Projects working towards a just energy transition<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/project\/forests-for-a-just-future\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/project\/forests-for-a-just-future\/\">Forests for a Just Future<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/project\/bottom-line-a-fair-and-successful-energy-transition\/\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/project\/bottom-line-a-fair-and-successful-energy-transition\/\">Bottom Line!<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"posts related_content small-12\">\n    <div class=\"post__titlebar grid-x\">\n                    <h2 class=\"post__title\">Continue reading<\/h2>\n            <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"post__body\">\n                    <div class=\"grid-x grid-margin-x show-for-medium\">\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/critical-minerals-and-the-western-chimpanzee-how-bauxite-mining-threatens-one-of-west-africas-last-strongholds\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Critical minerals and the western chimpanzee: how bauxite mining threatens one of West Africa\u2019s last strongholds\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/lessons-from-bolivias-fight-against-mercury-gold-mining-and-water-contamination\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/El-Callao-50-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/El-Callao-50-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/El-Callao-50-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Lessons from Bolivia\u2019s fight against mercury, gold mining, and water contamination\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/blog\/a-future-beyond-illegal-gold-mining-for-youth-in-ghana\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/IMG_6238-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/IMG_6238-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/IMG_6238-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Blogs\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            A future beyond illegal gold mining for youth in Ghana\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/opinion\/working-towards-responsible-and-transparent-renewable-energy\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/\u2013-AlTo-\u2013-2024-17-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/\u2013-AlTo-\u2013-2024-17-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/\u2013-AlTo-\u2013-2024-17-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Opinion\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Working towards responsible and transparent renewable energy\u00a0\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"show-for-small-only\">\n                <div class=\"orbit\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"Continue reading\" data-orbit>\n                    <div class=\"orbit-wrapper\">\n                        <ul class=\"orbit-container\">\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/critical-minerals-and-the-western-chimpanzee-how-bauxite-mining-threatens-one-of-west-africas-last-strongholds\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Critical minerals and the western chimpanzee: how bauxite mining threatens one of West Africa\u2019s last strongholds\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/lessons-from-bolivias-fight-against-mercury-gold-mining-and-water-contamination\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/El-Callao-50-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/El-Callao-50-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/El-Callao-50-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Lessons from Bolivia\u2019s fight against mercury, gold mining, and water contamination\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/blog\/a-future-beyond-illegal-gold-mining-for-youth-in-ghana\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/IMG_6238-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/IMG_6238-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/IMG_6238-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Blogs\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            A future beyond illegal gold mining for youth in Ghana\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/opinion\/working-towards-responsible-and-transparent-renewable-energy\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/\u2013-AlTo-\u2013-2024-17-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/\u2013-AlTo-\u2013-2024-17-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/10\/\u2013-AlTo-\u2013-2024-17-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Opinion\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Working towards responsible and transparent renewable energy\u00a0\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n        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class=\"lazyload\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><h2><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_139547_1();\">Index<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_139547_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_139547_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_139547_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Index<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/press-release\/2020\/05\/11\/mineral-production-to-soar-as-demand-for-clean-energy-increases\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/press-release\/2020\/05\/11\/mineral-production-to-soar-as-demand-for-clean-energy-increases<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">See: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.msci.com\/www\/blog-posts\/mining-s-impact-on-biodiversity\/02547548673\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.msci.com\/www\/blog-posts\/mining-s-impact-on-biodiversity\/02547548673\" target=\"_blank\">Mining\u2019s Impact on Biodiversity: A Rising Risk?<\/a> (MSCI, 2021)<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/savethehighseas.org\/about-the-deep-sea\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/savethehighseas.org\/about-the-deep-sea\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_4');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/quantifying-ocean-carbon-sink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/quantifying-ocean-carbon-sink<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wwf.nl\/globalassets\/pdf\/rapporten\/the-future-is-circular---sintef.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Future Is Circular: Circular Economy and Critical Minerals for the Green Transition<\/a>, SINTEF \/ WWF, november 2022<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/documents1.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/104271560321150518\/pdf\/Forest-Smart-Mining-Identifying-Factors-Associated-with-the-Impacts-of-Large-Scale-Mining-on-Forests.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Forest Smart Mining<\/a>, World Bank 2019<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: UN Environment Programme: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.unep.org\/explore-topics\/forests\/about-forests\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.unep.org\/explore-topics\/forests\/about-forests<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_8');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_8\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>8<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Bron: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wwf.de\/fileadmin\/fm-wwf\/Publikationen-PDF\/Wald\/WWF-Studie-Extracted-Forests.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Extracted forests<\/a>, WWF 2023<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_9');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_9\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>9<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41893-022-00994-6\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41893-022-00994-6<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_10');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_10\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>10<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/extractiveindustries\/brief\/climate-smart-mining-minerals-for-climate-action\" target=\"_blank\">Minerals for Climate Action<\/a>, Worldbank 2019<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_11');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_11\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>11<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">See: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/press-releases\/deadly-decade-land-and-environmental-activists-killing-every-two-days\/\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/press-releases\/deadly-decade-land-and-environmental-activists-killing-every-two-days\/<\/span><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Issues\/Business\/UNGPsBHRnext10\/inputs\/responsible_mining_foundation_summaries.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Issues\/Business\/UNGPsBHRnext10\/inputs\/responsible_mining_foundation_summaries.pdf<\/span><\/a> en <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/07062023\/mining-clean-energy-human-rights\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/07062023\/mining-clean-energy-human-rights\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_12');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_12\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>12<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41560-018-0172-6\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41560-018-0172-6<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_139547_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_139547_1_13');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_139547_1_13\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>13<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ser.nl\/nl\/actueel\/zicht\/op\/circulaire-economie-energietransitie\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.ser.nl\/nl\/actueel\/zicht\/op\/circulaire-economie-energietransitie<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_139547_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_139547_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_139547_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_139547_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_139547_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_139547_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_139547_1() { if 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visible. Extreme droughts, floods, heat waves, hurricanes and forest fires are becoming more frequent and affecting people around the world, mainly those who have contributed least to the climate crisis. To minimize the effects of climate change as well [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":139538,"parent":11543,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-139547","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/139547","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=139547"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/139547\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":266719,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/139547\/revisions\/266719"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/139538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=139547"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}