{"id":147829,"date":"2023-10-30T15:02:08","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T14:02:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/?p=147829"},"modified":"2025-01-24T14:43:01","modified_gmt":"2025-01-24T13:43:01","slug":"urgent-action-needed-to-protect-environmental-defenders-in-madre-de-dios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/news\/urgent-action-needed-to-protect-environmental-defenders-in-madre-de-dios\/","title":{"rendered":"Urgent action needed to protect environmental defenders in Madre de Dios"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In the Peruvian region Madre de Dios, illegal mining threatens the livelihoods of people and biodiversity. Defending this land comes with many risks. The project <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/project\/pidda-strengthening-environmental-defenders\/\">PIDDA: Inclusive protection of environmental defenders<\/a> of SPDA and IUCN NL, with support of AFD, will provide solutions based on information never before considered for the design of Peruvian public policies, to strengthen the protection of environmental defenders. <\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Header photo: Giancarlo Shibayama\/SPDA<\/mark><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The Global Witness 2022 report confirmed that Peru is in the top ten of the most dangerous countries in the world for environmental defenders<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_147829_1('footnote_plugin_reference_147829_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_147829_1('footnote_plugin_reference_147829_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_147829_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_147829_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Global Witness. (2023). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/campaigns\/environmental-activists\/standing-firm\/#global-analysis-picture-defenders-around-world\">Standing firm: The Land and Environmental Defenders on the frontlines of the climate crisis.<\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_147829_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_147829_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. Since April 2020, 17 environmental defenders have been killed. The situation is worse in regions with significant natural resources, such as Madre de Dios.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Madre de Dios: a wealth of natural resources<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Two of these murders on Peruvian defenders took place in the region Madre de Dios. Located in southeastern Peru, this region occupies 11% of the Peruvian Amazon. Until the 1990s it was the best preserved region. It is still one of the most biodiverse regions in the world, with more than 3.8 million hectares of protected natural areas where eight groups of Indigenous people live. But this region is also the cradle of illegal mining and related illegal activities. Conflicts have increased and today its biodiversity and environmental defenders are seriously threatened.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>\u2018Improving the conditions of environmental defenders In the Amazon involves an in-depth knowledge of the different impacts that environmentally harmful activities have on the life and rights of women, Indigenous people and youth.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div><cite>Liliana Ja\u00faregui, Senior Environmental Justice Expert at IUCN NL<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">PIDDA: strengthening environmental defenders<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>It is in this context that IUCN NL and the <em>Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental<\/em> (SPDA), with the support of the French Development Agency (AFD), implement Inclusive protection of environmental defenders in the Amazon (PIDDA for its Spanish acronym), a project that aims to contribute to the strengthening and application of the protection system for environmental rights defenders in Peru, with an intercultural and gender approach. <em>Federaci\u00f3n Nativa de Madre de Dios y Sus Afluentes<\/em> (Fenamad), a local federation, and the management of the Tambopata National Reserve are key allies in achieving this objective.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Liliana Ja\u00faregui, Senior Environmental Justice Expert at IUCN NL: \u2018Improving the conditions of environmental defenders in the Amazon involves an in-depth knowledge of the different impacts that environmentally harmful activities have on the life and rights of women, Indigenous people and youth. These groups should participate in the design of public policies, guaranteeing the full exercise of their rights.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:29px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gender and intercultural approach<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The project aims to strengthen the Peruvian protection system by analysing the situation of environmental defenders and their access to rights &#8211; specifically women, communicators and youth; institutional strengthening of the two main environmental defenders organisations in Madre de Dios; and national and international advocacy. At the end of the project, we will have developed a roadmap that supports Peruvian institutions to improve their policy applying a gender and intercultural perspective.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Among the main results will be the design of normative proposals from civil society and Indigenous organisations, based studies with a gender and intercultural approach. In this way, for the first time, the detailed complexity of the problems and threats faced by women environmental defenders will be known, and regulatory proposals will be designed to respond to their specific characteristics. In addition, women defenders in Madre de Dios will receive training to strengthen their capacities to protect themselves from the threats they face.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>\u2018We must recognise and demonstrate that these women face strong and ongoing challenges in carrying out their work of promoting and defending human rights, including gender discrimination, and it is in this context that specific protection measures must be adopted to their needs.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div><cite>Silvana Baldovino, director Biodiversity and Indigenous Peoples Programme at SPDA<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:60px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Constant challenges for women environmental defenders<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>For Silvana Baldovino, director of SPDA\u2019s Biodiversity and Indigenous Peoples Programme, it is essential that there is a gender-differentiated approach when it comes to women human rights defenders. \u2018We must recognise and demonstrate that these women face strong and ongoing challenges in carrying out their work of promoting and defending human rights, including gender discrimination, and it is in this context that specific protection measures must be adopted to their needs. Through PIDDA, we generate the necessary space to promote knowledge and internalisation of their rights and options to make these rights effective. In this way, we seek to contribute to progressively reducing the gap, to strengthen women defenders\u2019 capacities and to generate conditions for their defence.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Cl\u00e9ment Larrue, director of AFD in Peru: \u2018By working towards resolving socio-environmental conflicts with all actors, the project will contribute to the fight for both social justice and ecological sustainability: two of AFD&#8217;s highest priorities in the country. Moreover, actions to strengthen the mechanisms for the protection of environmental rights will also allow for an improved consideration of biodiversity conservation issues in public policy. This project promotes an innovative intersectional approach to the governance of environmental issues, which hopefully will lead to national and\/or regional initiatives with a greater reach.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:21px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">About the project partners<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:19px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>SPDA <\/strong>(<em><a href=\"https:\/\/spda.org.pe\/\">Sociedad Peruana de<\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/spda.org.pe\/\" target=\"_blank\"> <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/spda.org.pe\/\">Derecho Ambiental<\/a><\/em>) has 36 years of experience in strengthening the legal framework and public policies related to the protection and defence of the environment in Peru. Since 2018, it has been working hand in hand with the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights and two other Peruvian state agencies for the creation and strengthening of the DDA protection system. With a very strong team of lawyers, the organisation conducts research on public policy and environmental legislation and works to strengthen the capacities of the public sector, civil society, vulnerable people and Indigenous populations in close dialogue and collaboration with state agencies.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>IUCN NL<\/strong> is the National Committee of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the world&#8217;s largest nature conservation union, in the Netherlands. The aim of IUCN NL is to safeguard nature as the basis of all life on earth. IUCN NL has more than 30 years of experience in the Latin American region, in particular in working with environmental rights defenders in Peru and internationally, and more than 40 years of experience in international cooperation, working with governments, multilateral organisations, civil society organisations and Indigenous peoples.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"small-12 large-offset-2 large-8\">\n    <div class=\"picture-content grid-x block\" id=\"block_69fb16958bb15e5f78fb4e42015b7f10\">\n        <span class=\"anchor-id\" id=\"\" ><\/span>\n                                    <div class=\"cell small-12 medium-6 large-6 picture-content__image lazyload\" style=\"background-image:inherit;\" data-bg-image=\"url(&#039;https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AFD-logo_small.jpg&#039;)\">\n            \n                <img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2023\/10\/AFD-logo_small-380x300-c-default.jpg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 380px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 380\/300;\">\n                <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"cell small-12 medium-6 large-6 picture-content__in\"> \n                <div class=\"picture-content__in--header\"><h2><\/h2><\/div>\n                <div class=\"picture-content__in--text\"><p><strong>The French Development Agency (AFD)<\/strong> implements France&#8217;s development and international solidarity policy. Together with its partners, the AFD develops shared solutions benefiting populations in emerging and low-income countries. Its teams work on more than 4,000 local projects in 115 countries, as well as areas in crisis, for the benefit of common goods such as climate, biodiversity, peace, gender equality, education and health. In this way, they contribute to the commitment of France and the French people to the Sustainable Development Goals.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                                <div class=\"picture-content__in--link\">\n                    <a class=\"button button--primary\" href=\"http:\/\/www.afd.fr\/en\"\n                        target=\"_blank\">Lees meer over AFD\n                    <\/a>\n                <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n\n                        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"background background-preset-primary\" id=\"block_d0c13af272641c024e3d54900ce5e3c8\">\n             <div class=\"dark custom-padding-top\">\n    \n\n\n<div class=\"smallteam-members__name12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n\t<div id=\"team-members-block_2b774ae59485c173ded3ba44d9529d41\" class=\"team-members team-members-block block\">\n\t\t<span class=\"anchor-id\" id=\"\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"team-members__title\">\n\t\t\t\t<div>More information? 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\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__info cell auto\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__info-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/mariel-cabero-expert-environmental-justice\/\" target=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__name\">Mariel\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCabero<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__jobtitle\">Expert Environmental Justice<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__email\">Email:\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/publication\/what-did-iucn-nl-do-for-nature-in-2025-read-our-annual-report\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/A-trapcam-being-installed-in-Uganda-\u00a9-Andrew-Kartende-IUCN-NL-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/A-trapcam-being-installed-in-Uganda-\u00a9-Andrew-Kartende-IUCN-NL-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/A-trapcam-being-installed-in-Uganda-\u00a9-Andrew-Kartende-IUCN-NL-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Publications\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n           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Read our annual report\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/critical-minerals-and-the-western-chimpanzee-how-bauxite-mining-threatens-one-of-west-africas-last-strongholds\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Critical minerals and the western chimpanzee: how bauxite mining threatens one of West Africa\u2019s last strongholds\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"show-for-small-only\">\n                <div class=\"orbit\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"More news about human rights and nature\" data-orbit>\n                    <div class=\"orbit-wrapper\">\n                        <ul class=\"orbit-container\">\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/critical-coasts-small-island-nickel-mining-and-coastal-community-resilience-in-indonesia-and-the-philippines\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DJI_0104-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DJI_0104-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/DJI_0104-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Critical coasts: small island nickel mining and coastal community resilience in Indonesia and the Philippines\u00a0\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/publication\/interweaving-waters-forests-and-communities-strategies-and-lessons-for-water-justice\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/website-Uitgelichte-foto-bij-bericht-12-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/website-Uitgelichte-foto-bij-bericht-12-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/website-Uitgelichte-foto-bij-bericht-12-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Publications\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Report: Interweaving waters, forests, and communities &#8211; Strategies and lessons for water justice\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/publication\/what-did-iucn-nl-do-for-nature-in-2025-read-our-annual-report\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/A-trapcam-being-installed-in-Uganda-\u00a9-Andrew-Kartende-IUCN-NL-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/A-trapcam-being-installed-in-Uganda-\u00a9-Andrew-Kartende-IUCN-NL-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/04\/A-trapcam-being-installed-in-Uganda-\u00a9-Andrew-Kartende-IUCN-NL-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Publications\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            What did IUCN NL do for nature in 2025? Read our annual report\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/critical-minerals-and-the-western-chimpanzee-how-bauxite-mining-threatens-one-of-west-africas-last-strongholds\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/02\/02230037-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Critical minerals and the western chimpanzee: how bauxite mining threatens one of West Africa\u2019s last strongholds\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <nav class=\"orbit-bullets\">\n                                                                            <button class=\"is-active\" data-slide=\"0\">\n                            <span class=\"show-for-sr\"><\/span>\n                            <span class=\"show-for-sr\" data-slide-active-label><\/span>\n                        <\/button>\n                                                                                                    <button data-slide=\"1\"><span class=\"show-for-sr\"><\/span><\/button>\n                                                                                                    <button data-slide=\"2\"><span class=\"show-for-sr\"><\/span><\/button>\n                                                                                                    <button data-slide=\"3\"><span class=\"show-for-sr\"><\/span><\/button>\n                                                                <\/nav>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><h2><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_147829_1();\">Index<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_147829_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_147829_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_147829_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Index<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_147829_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_147829_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_147829_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">Global Witness. (2023). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalwitness.org\/en\/campaigns\/environmental-activists\/standing-firm\/#global-analysis-picture-defenders-around-world\">Standing firm: The Land and Environmental Defenders on the frontlines of the climate crisis.<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_147829_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_147829_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_147829_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_147829_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_147829_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_147829_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_147829_1() { if (jQuery('#footnote_references_container_147829_1').is(':hidden')) { footnote_expand_reference_container_147829_1(); } else { footnote_collapse_reference_container_147829_1(); } } function footnote_moveToReference_147829_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_147829_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } } function footnote_moveToAnchor_147829_1(p_str_TargetID) { footnote_expand_reference_container_147829_1(); var l_obj_Target = jQuery('#' + p_str_TargetID); if (l_obj_Target.length) { jQuery( 'html, body' ).delay( 0 ); jQuery('html, body').animate({ scrollTop: l_obj_Target.offset().top - window.innerHeight * 0.2 }, 380); } }<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the Peruvian region Madre de Dios, illegal mining threatens the livelihoods of people and biodiversity. Defending this land comes with many risks. The project PIDDA: Inclusive protection of environmental defenders of SPDA and IUCN NL, with support of AFD, will provide solutions based on information never before considered for the design of Peruvian public [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":147807,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[183],"class_list":["post-147829","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-human-rights-and-nature"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147829","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147829"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":246838,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147829\/revisions\/246838"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/147807"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147829"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}