{"id":288972,"date":"2025-06-09T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/?p=288972"},"modified":"2026-04-07T08:43:51","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T07:43:51","slug":"working-with-nature-introducing-syntropic-agroforestry-to-st-eustatius","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/working-with-nature-introducing-syntropic-agroforestry-to-st-eustatius\/","title":{"rendered":"Working with nature: introducing syntropic agroforestry to St. Eustatius\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The island of St. Eustatius has experienced severe vegetation loss over the past four decades. On the island, Klarvin Cijntje, of Cijntje\u2019s Organic Farm on Curacao, and his colleagues now work to introduce syntropic agroforestry. This form of agriculture works closely with nature to restore the land and improve biodiversity, while at the same time yielding a high variety of crops. \u2018You need to really understand how nature works, so you can emphasise cooperation with nature over control,\u2019 says Cijntje.&nbsp;<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Header photo: Syntropic agroforestry (c) Florian Kopp \/ Mongabay<\/mark><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>St. Eustatius is home to a wide range of landscapes, such as cloud forests and coral reefs, which support a wide array of both endemic and migratory species. However, the challenge of habitat loss and degradation, primarily attributed to human activities and invasive species, is a cause for concern. One of the most pressing issues for land degradation on Sint Eustatius is the loss of vegetation cover, largely due to overgrazing by feral livestock. During heavy rainfall this results in severe soil erosion and deep gullies transecting the landscape. Fertile topsoil is being lost and washed away into the Caribbean Sea.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>At the same time, St. Eustatius will increasingly suffer the compounding impacts of climate change. Alternative agricultural methods, such as agroforestry, help not only to restore biodiversity, but also increase climate- and food system resilience. By mimicking natural ecosystems, these practices foster enhanced biodiversity, soil health, and resilience against extreme weather events.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:32px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is syntropic agroforestry?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Syntropic agroforestry is a type of agriculture that is inspired by nature, and mimics natural forest ecosystems<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_288972_1('footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_288972_1('footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_288972_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed for more information on syntropic farming.\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed<\/span><\/a> for more information on syntropic farming.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_288972_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script> It applies naturally occurring ecological processes such as stratification and succession to agriculture. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Syntropic agroforestry closely observes natural ecosystems and translates these conditions to an agricultural context by planting a highly organised and strategic combination of fruits, vegetables, nuts and supporting trees and shrubs. These can be, for example, nitrogen fixers and provide mulch and shade, benefitting the productive crops. No external inputs are needed; no synthetic fertiliser, no pesticides, no herbicides. In doing so, it creates rich, fertile, and biodiverse agricultural land, while also improving climate resilience, reducing water usage, and enhancing soil structure. Syntropic agroforestry is based on farming techniques used by Indigenous peoples of the Amazon region, who have been using this method for thousands of years. It was popularised by the German researcher Ernst G\u00f6tsch.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Syntropic agroforestry is based on a few principles<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_288972_1('footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_288972_1('footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_288972_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_288972_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. Firstly, it uses strategic plant combinations, or plant consortia which facilitate natural soil formation. As a result, the system keeps fertilising itself and provides habitat for natural pest control. It therefore significantly reduces the dependence on pesticides and chemical fertilisers. Secondly, syntropic agroforestry relies on four-dimensional stratification in time and space: each plant has its own layer and a specific period in a management cycle, in which it grows and is subsequently yielded. Thirdly, it makes use of planting and strategic pruning of pioneer plants that fulfill a service role (humification, shading, accumulation and cycling of water, biomass creation, habitat for insects and microbes). Finally, it applies the principles of regenerative agriculture &#8211; avoiding synthetic chemicals and soil disturbance, keeping the soil covered, encouraging biodiversity and maximising photosynthesis.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:22px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"612\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/06\/syntriopic-vs-conventional-forestfoods-kenya.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-288974 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/06\/syntriopic-vs-conventional-forestfoods-kenya.jpg 734w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/06\/syntriopic-vs-conventional-forestfoods-kenya-300x250.jpg 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 734px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 734\/612;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">In a successive syntropic agroforestry system, strategic plant combinations reduce the need for external inputs such as fertiliser and pesticides. Source:<\/mark> <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forestfoods.co.ke\/syntropic-agroforestry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>https:\/\/www.forestfoods.co.ke\/syntropic-agroforestry<\/em><\/a><em>&nbsp;<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:12px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Because syntropic agroforestry uses succession to improve biodiversity, it can even create fertile agricultural land on soils that have been highly degraded by human activity. G\u00f6tsch demonstrated this in Brazil, where he restored nearly 500 hectares of land through syntropic agroforestry<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_288972_1('footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_288972_1('footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_288972_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agendagotsch.com\/en\/ernst-gotsch\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/agendagotsch.com\/en\/ernst-gotsch\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_288972_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A shift in thinking<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The project will introduce syntropic agroforestry to the island on a demonstration plot of 1000m2. There are about 30 farmers on the island, of which the majority are crop farmers, represented by the St. Eustatius Farmer\u2019s Foundation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Syntropic agroforestry approaches agriculture in a different, more holistic manner. Cijntje: \u2018It requires a shift from linear farming to ecosystem thinking. And ecosystem thinking is a completely different way of thinking. In syntropic agroforestry, you try to mimic nature. You need to really understand how nature works, so you can emphasise cooperation with nature, rather than control.\u2019&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"747\" height=\"420\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/06\/csm_cultivating-biodiversity-statia_b29289fe3f.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-288976 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/06\/csm_cultivating-biodiversity-statia_b29289fe3f.jpg 747w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/06\/csm_cultivating-biodiversity-statia_b29289fe3f-300x169.jpg 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 747px) 100vw, 747px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 747px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 747\/420;\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">The team, with Cijntje on the far right. (c) Statia government, retrieved from<\/mark> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.statiagovernment.com\/nieuwsoverzicht\/artikel\/cultivating-biodiversity-on-st-eustatius-launch-of-pilot-project-for-statia-farmers\">https:\/\/www.statiagovernment.com\/nieuwsoverzicht\/artikel\/cultivating-biodiversity-on-st-eustatius-launch-of-pilot-project-for-statia-farmers<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:35px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>To achieve this shift in thinking among the farmers of St. Eustatius, Cijntje organises workshops with the local farmers. Cijntje himself was introduced to syntropic agroforestry some years ago. \u2018I had always wanted to combine fruit trees with other crops, but didn\u2019t know how to. When I followed a course on syntropic agroforestry, it felt as if the missing pieces fell into place,\u2019 Cijntje says. \u2018I dug deep into it, and started using these methods on my farm, as well as on other projects. Syntropic agroforestry is a very management-intensive process, so it takes some effort for any change to become apparent. But it is absolutely worth it once you see the results.\u2019&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Cijntje has already seen a change of attitude in Curacao. \u2018People starting to understand that we need to focus on different, more sustainable and regenerative ways of farming. They see the amount of pesticides we use and how it is affecting our environment. They see how nature is suffering from unsustainable agricultural practices.\u2019&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The future of syntropic agroforestry<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>In the future, Cijntje hopes to introduce syntropic agroforestry to other islands in the Caribbean. Not merely to aid in conservation efforts, but also to improve food security. Now, small islands such as St. Eustatius import about 90% of their food. Introducing agroforestry practices will make the islands less dependent on imports and will also improve the overall quality of the food, as imported food is often poor in quality. Imports can also easily be interrupted during extreme weather events such as hurricanes. In the face of climate change, reducing the dependence of small islands on imported foods is therefore all the more important.&nbsp;As Caspar Verwer, nature conservation expert at IUCN NL, states: \u201cSyntropic agriculture offers economic prospects for local farmers and can therefore be an important tool in tackling overgrazing.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Cijntje concludes: \u2018The concept of syntropic agroforestry is new to a lot of people, but the knowledge itself is not new. It is the knowledge that tribes in the Amazon have used to grow their food for centuries. It\u2019s not a concept that we invented. So, I hope that people will give it a try, and I want to encourage everyone to believe in the project. Because we need to give it our all if we want this to succeed.\u2019&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:52px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">BESTLIFE2030<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>This project is part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/project\/bestlife2030-nature-conservation-on-aruba-bonaire-curacao-saba-st-eustatius-and-st-maarten\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">BESTLIFE2030 programme<\/a>. It is funded by the <a href=\"https:\/\/cinea.ec.europa.eu\/programmes\/life_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">EU LIFE-programme<\/a>, a European environmental and climate action grant programme. BESTLIFE 2030 provides funding for projects that work on nature conservation and restoration in overseas countries and territories of the European Union to stop and reverse global biodiversity loss.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>IUCN NL is the focal point for Aruba, Bonaire, Cura\u00e7ao, Saba, St. Eustatius and St. Maarten. These islands have a high biodiversity but are among the places that are the most vulnerable to climate change and environmental pressures.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/project\/bestlife2030-nature-conservation-on-aruba-bonaire-curacao-saba-st-eustatius-and-st-maarten\/\">Learn more about BESTLIFE2030<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"background background-preset-primary\" id=\"block_3d4c97d5409d86ad277456d17447ecdf\">\n             <div class=\"dark custom-padding-top\">\n    \n\n\n<div class=\"smallteam-members__name12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n\t<div id=\"team-members-block_04da94e10ee50370bb13a04cd1ff2ea6\" class=\"team-members team-members-block block\">\n\t\t<span class=\"anchor-id\" id=\"\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"team-members__title\">\n\t\t\t\t<div>Learn more? Contact:<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"team-members__body small-12 grid-x\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__item grid-x small-12 medium-6\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__image cell shrink\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__image-wrapper lazyload\" style=\"background-image:inherit;\" data-bg-image=\"url(&#039;https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2021\/02\/57IUCN-290915-scaled.jpg&#039;)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2021\/02\/57IUCN-290915-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2560px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2560\/2560;\" \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__info cell auto\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__info-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__name\">Caspar\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVerwer<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__jobtitle\">Senior Expert Nature Conservation<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__email\">Email:\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:caspar.verwer@iucn.nl\">caspar.verwer@iucn.nl<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"team-members__socials\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/caspar-verwer-65835728\/?originalSubdomain=nl\" class=\"team-members__socials-icon ico-linkedin\" 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class=\"lazyload\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"posts related_content small-12\">\n    <div class=\"post__titlebar grid-x\">\n                    <h2 class=\"post__title\">More about BESTLIFE2030<\/h2>\n            <\/div>\n\n    <div class=\"post__body\">\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><h2><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_288972_1();\">Index<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_288972_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_288972_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_288972_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Index<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_288972_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed for more information on syntropic farming.\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed<\/span><\/a> for more information on syntropic farming.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_288972_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/dario-cortese.medium.com\/an-introduction-to-syntropic-agriculture-9a346050e6ed<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_288972_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_288972_1_3');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_288972_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agendagotsch.com\/en\/ernst-gotsch\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/agendagotsch.com\/en\/ernst-gotsch\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_288972_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_288972_1').show(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_288972_1').text('\u2212'); } function footnote_collapse_reference_container_288972_1() { jQuery('#footnote_references_container_288972_1').hide(); jQuery('#footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_288972_1').text('+'); } function footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_288972_1() { if 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On the island, Klarvin Cijntje, of Cijntje\u2019s Organic Farm on Curacao, and his colleagues now work to introduce syntropic agroforestry. This form of agriculture works closely with nature to restore the land and improve biodiversity, while at the same time [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":288978,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[325],"class_list":["post-288972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-story","tag-bestlife2030-2"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=288972"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":425280,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/288972\/revisions\/425280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/288978"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=288972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=288972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=288972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}