{"id":413110,"date":"2026-01-15T15:43:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T14:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/?p=413110"},"modified":"2026-01-15T16:18:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T15:18:55","slug":"modeling-water-futures-how-climate-change-and-deforestation-are-draining-the-chiquitania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/modeling-water-futures-how-climate-change-and-deforestation-are-draining-the-chiquitania\/","title":{"rendered":"Modeling water futures: how climate change and deforestation are draining the Chiquitania"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Chiquitano Forest, a 23-million-hectare tropical dry forest spanning eastern Bolivia and western Brazil, is one of South America\u2019s most unique ecosystems<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><ins><a href=\"https:\/\/elproyectoesperanza.com\/2020\/medio-ambiente\/ecocidio-en-la-chiquitania-boliviana\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/elproyectoesperanza.com\/2020\/medio-ambiente\/ecocidio-en-la-chiquitania-boliviana\/<\/span><\/a><\/ins><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>. Home to over 3,000 plant species and 1,200 vertebrate species, including jaguars and giant anteaters, it provides critical ecosystem services for approximately 3 million people, including Indigenous peoples, local communities, small-scale farmers, and agribusiness operations<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/16\/3\/969\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/16\/3\/969<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-color\">Header photo: A man drawing water to use in his garden. \u00a9 Manuel Seoane \/ IUCN NL&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/mark><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>However, this forest is more than a biodiversity hotspot; it\u2019s living water infrastructure. Through their root systems, the forests absorb rainfall stored in soils and release it gradually through evapotranspiration, helping regulate local rainfall patterns and maintain river and groundwater flows during the dry season. This hydrological function is especially critical in tropical dry forests like the Chiquitania, where seasonal water scarcity is already a defining characteristic of life.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Yet this natural water system is unraveling. By 2022, total deforestation in the Chiquitano Forest reached 2.8 million hectares (39% of Bolivia\u2019s total forest loss), primarily due to agricultural conversion for soy cultivation and cattle ranching<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/?p=413110#note40833512\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>. As community leader Dyana from San Rafael warns: \u2018Without forest, there is no water.\u2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"791\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-1.-Location-of-the-Tucavaca-Curichi-Grande-basin-1024x791.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-413116 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-1.-Location-of-the-Tucavaca-Curichi-Grande-basin-1024x791.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-1.-Location-of-the-Tucavaca-Curichi-Grande-basin-300x232.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-1.-Location-of-the-Tucavaca-Curichi-Grande-basin-768x593.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-1.-Location-of-the-Tucavaca-Curichi-Grande-basin.png 1430w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/791;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Location of the Tucavaca &#8211; Curichi Grande basin <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-medium\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Understanding water stress through modeling<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>To understand how climate change and land-use change are reshaping water availability in the Chiquitania, IUCN NL partnered with the Stockholm Environment Institute to develop a comprehensive hydrological model of the Tucavaca-Curichi Grande basin. This 79,640 km\u00b2 watershed drains into the upper Paraguay River basin, forming a critical transition zone between the Chiquitano dry forest and the Bolivian Pantanal wetlands.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Using the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) system, researchers integrated historical climate data (1980-2020), global climate projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change\u2019s Sixth Assessment Report, land cover analysis, and water demand estimates for both domestic and livestock use. The model reveals how declining rainfall, rising temperatures, and rapid agricultural expansion interact to reduce water availability for communities and ecosystems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A drying trajectory<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The data paints a concerning picture. Since the 1980s, average annual rainfall has decreased by 33.5 mm per decade in the Curichi Grande sub-basin and 5.5 mm per decade in Tucavaca, while temperatures have risen approximately 0.2\u00b0C per decade across both areas. This rainfall volume reduction its significant for a vulnerable ecosystem like the Chiquitano forest.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Climate projections for the period 2041-2060 show these trends accelerating under a high-emissions scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 5-8.5 <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 5-8.5 represents a future scenario with continued high fossil fuel use, limited climate mitigation efforts, and substantial greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_3');\">Continue reading<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>). This scenario assumes continued fossil fuel dependence and limited climate action.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Climate projections 2041-2060<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-small\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Climate projections for the period 2041-2060 show these trends accelerating under a high-emissions scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 5-8.5 <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 5-8.5 represents a future scenario with continued high fossil fuel use, limited climate mitigation efforts, and substantial greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in&nbsp;&#x2026; <span class=\"footnote_tooltip_continue\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_4');\">Continue reading<\/span><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>). This scenario assumes continued fossil fuel dependence and limited climate action.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Trend scenario<\/strong>: 4.8% decline in precipitation with a 2.0\u00b0C temperature increase.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Very dry scenario<\/strong>: 22.5% decline in precipitation with a 2.0\u00b0C temperature increase.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dry and warm scenario<\/strong>: 18% decline in precipitation with a 3.5\u00b0C temperature increase.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:50%\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"975\" height=\"571\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-2.-Projected-changes-in-precipitation-and-temperature-compared-to-the-2001-2020-baseline.-The-left-graph-shows-precipitation-changes-and-the-right-graph-shows-temperature-changes-\u00b0C-from-2000-to-2060.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-413123 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-2.-Projected-changes-in-precipitation-and-temperature-compared-to-the-2001-2020-baseline.-The-left-graph-shows-precipitation-changes-and-the-right-graph-shows-temperature-changes-\u00b0C-from-2000-to-2060.png 975w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-2.-Projected-changes-in-precipitation-and-temperature-compared-to-the-2001-2020-baseline.-The-left-graph-shows-precipitation-changes-and-the-right-graph-shows-temperature-changes-\u00b0C-from-2000-to-2060-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Figure-2.-Projected-changes-in-precipitation-and-temperature-compared-to-the-2001-2020-baseline.-The-left-graph-shows-precipitation-changes-and-the-right-graph-shows-temperature-changes-\u00b0C-from-2000-to-2060-768x450.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 975px) 100vw, 975px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 975px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 975\/571;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Figure 2. Projected changes in precipitation and temperature compared to the 2001-2020 baseline. The left graph shows precipitation changes (%) and the right graph shows temperature changes (\u00b0C) from 2000 to 2060. Three different climate scenarios are shown: business-as-usual (blue line), very dry (orange line), and dry-hot (green line). Black lines show past observed data. <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"background background-preset-secondary\" id=\"block_b97563f4e8a2289e7e228f09ff2858ee\">\n             <div class=\"dark custom-padding-top\">\n    \n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways explained<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>In reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), \u201cscenarios\u201d are standardised future pathways&nbsp;used to explore possible climates under different&nbsp;human development and emissions&nbsp;choices. In IPCC&#8217;s Sixth Assessment Report, the main framework is scenarios based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs).&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The five scenarios from the Sixth Assessment Report are:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SSP1-1.9<\/strong>:&nbsp;very low emissions \/ strong mitigation pathway (which could keep us within the limit of 1.5\u00b0C of global warming).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SSP1-2.6<\/strong>: low emissions \/ strong mitigation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SSP2-4.5<\/strong>: \u201cmiddle-of-the-road\u201d \/ intermediate pathway.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SSP3-7.0<\/strong>: high emissions \/ fragmentation &amp; slower development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>SSP5-8.5<\/strong>: very high emissions \/ fossil-fuel intensive development pathway.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reduced water availability<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>These changing conditions translate directly into reduced water availability. By mid-century under the driest scenario, river flows could drop significantly: Tucavaca could lose 89 m\u00b3\/s (a 28% reduction) and Curichi Grande could lose 238 m\u00b3\/s loss (a 32% reduction). To put this in perspective: a 100 m\u00b3\/s reduction is equivalent to 100.000 liters per second, &nbsp;meaning approximately 2.4 Olympic pools can be filled in a minute.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Beyond surface flows, the model shows concerning declines in soil moisture, particularly in forest areas, resulting from both reduced precipitation and increased evaporation driven by higher temperatures. This moisture loss increases fire risk and threatens the forest\u2019s capacity to regulate the water cycle, creating a dangerous feedback loop.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Land use change: amplifying the crisis<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>While climate change drives the overarching trend toward water scarcity, deforestation and agricultural expansion amplify local impacts in critical ways.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The model incorporated detailed analysis of land cover change using satellite data from 1992-2022, which confirmed forest cover as the dominant land type (65% of the basin). Notably, researchers also identified and mapped thousands of <em>atajados, <\/em>artificial ponds constructed by cattle ranchers to capture and store surface runoff water for livestock.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Using &nbsp;satellite imagery and water detection indices, the study documented <em>atajados<\/em> covering significant areas across municipalities in both Bolivia and Brazil. These structures store an estimated 31.6 million m\u00b3 of water regionally, equivalent to approximately 18.7% of total natural flow during of the basins during the dry season. While <em>atajados<\/em> provide critical water security for livestock operations during drought periods, they also retain water that would otherwise contribute to downstream river flows and groundwater recharge, creating potential conflicts with other water users.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><em>\u2018Ecosystems like Bolivia\u2019s Chiquitano dry forest are very complex, and models can only capture part of that reality especially where long-term ecological and hydrological data are limited. That means actual impacts are likely to be more severe.\u2019 <\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Mariel Cabero, Expert Environmental Justice<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-small\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>When comparing different land-use scenarios to 2060, ranging from continued deforestation trends to conservation and restoration efforts, the model revealed that climate conditions dominate water supply changes. However, land-use scenarios still matter: the difference between a 10% forest loss scenario and a 10% forest gain scenario, though seemingly modest at 0.7 m\u00b3\/s, equates to the annual water consumption of 4 million people.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Importantly, these findings emerged from a technical modeling exercise that could not incorporate detailed information on how fires alter soil properties or how unregulated <em>atajado<\/em> construction and groundwater extraction affects local hydrology, suggesting actual impacts may be even more severe than modeled.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-02-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-413131 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-02-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-02-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-02-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-02-2048x1366.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/683;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A woman watering her garden \u00a9 Manuel Seoane \/ IUCN NL  <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer is-style-responsive-medium\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Who pays the price?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The consequences of declining water availability fall disproportionately on those least responsible for causing the crisis.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For local communities<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Reduced river flows and depleted aquifers mean increasing seasonal water scarcity. Communities already face interrupted access to water for household use and small-scale agriculture, with some requiring emergency water delivery by tanker trucks for several months each year. Women, who typically bear primary responsibility for water collection and household management, face increased workloads and reduced time for income-generating activities. The 2024 San Lorenzo River case, where communities successfully sued a cattle rancher for illegally diverting the river, exemplifies growing water conflicts between agribusiness operations and local water rights<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/anabolivia.org\/por-orden-judicial-se-inicia-la-restitucion-del-cauce-del-rio-san-lorenzo-y-la-remocion-de-presa\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/anabolivia.org\/por-orden-judicial-se-inicia-la-restitucion-del-cauce-del-rio-san-lorenzo-y-la-remocion-de-presa\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For ecosystems<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Lower flows threaten the ecological integrity of the Pantanal wetlands downstream, which depend on seasonal flooding from Chiquitania rivers. Reduced soil moisture increases forest vulnerability to fires, creating conditions for catastrophic fire seasons like those in 2019 and 2024. As forests degrade, their capacity to regulate the water cycle diminishes, accelerating the spiral toward ecosystem collapse.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For regional stability<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Water scarcity threatens the viability of small-scale farming, driving rural-to-urban migration, and increasing pressure on already strained urban water systems. Competition for limited water resources between domestic use, livestock, and industrial agriculture intensifies social tensions and undermines regional food security.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pathways forward: conservation as water policy<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The modeling results offer clear guidance for policy and action:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>1. Recognise forest conservation as water infrastructure investment<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Every hectare of intact forest maintains infiltration capacity, regulates seasonal flows, and supports local rainfall generation. Protecting and restoring forests should be understood as an essential water management strategy, not merely as environmental conservation. Current policies promoting agricultural expansion fundamentally undermine water security<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/?p=413110#note40833511\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>2. Regulate decentralised water storage (<em>atajados<\/em>) and &nbsp;groundwater extraction at landscape scale<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>While <em>atajados<\/em> serve legitimate needs for livestock water supply, their cumulative impacts on downstream water availability require integrated planning and regulation. Water governance must account for these small structures that collectively alter basin hydrology, ensuring equitable water distribution between upstream and downstream users. In the same line, the unregulated ground water extraction in Chiquitania is putting community livelihoods and ecosystems at risk, therefore urgent monitoring and regulating interventions are needed, led by municipal authorities and also involve the private sector and community water committees.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>3. Strengthen monitoring and adaptive management<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The current scarcity of hydrometeorological monitoring stations limits understanding of actual conditions and constrains model calibration. Expanding monitoring networks (including flow measurements, groundwater levels, and meteorological data) would enable more accurate forecasting and responsive management.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>4. Integrate local and scientific knowledge<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>This technical modeling study could not incorporate the lived experiences, traditional knowledge, and priorities of communities who directly experience water scarcity. Future research must adopt participatory approaches that co-create research questions, scenarios, and solutions with local communities, ensuring that technical tools serve locally defined needs and support community-led water governance.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p><strong>5. Align climate adaptation with forest protection<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>As climate projections show intensifying water stress regardless of land-use scenarios, forest conservation becomes even more critical as the primary strategy for maintaining ecosystem resilience. Climate adaptation investments should prioritise forest protection, restoration, and sustainable management rather than infrastructure projects that may become obsolete as hydrological regimes shift.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Protecting forests is protecting water and lives<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The Stockholm Environment Institute&#8217;s modeling work provides rigorous evidence of what community members already know from daily experience: deforestation is a water crisis. As forests disappear, so does the region&#8217;s capacity to buffer against climate change, store and filter water, and sustain the communities and ecosystems that depend on these services <span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"4.%09https:\/www.sei.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-chiquitania-fires.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.sei.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-chiquitania-fires.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Bolivia\u2019s aggressive agricultural expansion policies, including the &#8220;Patriotic Agenda 2025&#8221; targeting tripled livestock production, are on a collision course with water security and climate resilience<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/?p=413110#note40833514\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup>. With 1.75 million hectares deforested in 2024 alone, the country ranks among the global top three for forest loss, yet this destruction receives far less international attention than Amazon deforestation<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_7');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_413110_1('footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_7');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_7\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">[7]<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_7\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalforestwatch.org\/dashboards\/country\/BOL\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.globalforestwatch.org\/dashboards\/country\/BOL\/<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_7').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_413110_1_7', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top center', relative: true, offset: [-7, 0], });<\/script>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>The evidence is clear: protecting the Chiquitano Forest is not a choice between conservation and development; it is a prerequisite for sustainable development. Water security, food security, climate resilience, and human rights are inseparable from forest protection in this critical ecosystem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IUCN NL\u2019s work for forests and climate<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>Through partnerships like our collaboration with the Stockholm Environment Institute and our support for local organisations, IUCN NL continues working toward more sustainable and inclusive management of tropical forests that supports climate adaptation, human rights, and the livelihoods of Indigenous peoples and local communities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<p>This work was conducted as part of IUCN NL\u2019s Forests for a Just Future programme of the Green Livelihoods Alliance, with technical analysis by the Stockholm Environment Institute. The full technical report provides detailed methodology and results for water resource planners and researchers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/our-work\/forests-and-climate\/\">Learn more about forests and climate<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Read more about Chiquitania<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"block block-container small-12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/beyond-the-amazon-chiquitania-a-forest-gem-navigating-a-water-crisis\/\">Beyond the Amazon: Chiquitania, a forest gem navigating a water crisis<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/blog\/water-conflict-in-chiquitania-the-cost-of-commodity-production\/\">Water conflict in Chiquitania: the cost of commodity production<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"-%09https:\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/the-story-of-laguna-caceres-how-intensive-agriculture-fuels-extreme-droughts-and-fires\/\">The story of Laguna C\u00e1ceres: How intensive agriculture fuels extreme droughts and fires<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"background background-preset-primary\" id=\"block_a147a187f4135d0b717e7ab2f4a0a246\">\n             <div class=\"dark custom-padding-top\">\n    \n\n\n<div class=\"smallteam-members__name12 large-offset-1 large-10\">\n\t<div id=\"team-members-block_fbcfb9c6c883b90672a12c9bd72187e8\" class=\"team-members team-members-block block\">\n\t\t<span class=\"anchor-id\" id=\"\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"team-members__title\">\n\t\t\t\t<div>Learn more? 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grid-margin-x show-for-medium\">\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/modeling-water-futures-how-climate-change-and-deforestation-are-draining-the-chiquitania\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-28-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-28-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-28-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Modeling water futures: how climate change and deforestation are draining the Chiquitania\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/restoring-mangroves-on-bonaire-towards-a-more-climate-resilient-future\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251101_091618-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251101_091618-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251101_091618-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Restoring mangroves on Bonaire: towards a more climate-resilient future\u00a0\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    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class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Reflections on SDGP webinars: lessons learnt, best practices, and ways forward for biodiversity and climate\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"cell large-3 medium-6 small-12\">\n                        <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/blue-carbon-credits-an-innovative-way-to-finance-mangrove-restoration\/\">\n        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data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-28-scaled-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-28-scaled-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2026\/01\/agua-IUCN-28-scaled-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Modeling water futures: how climate change and deforestation are draining the Chiquitania\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i 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forward for biodiversity and climate\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li class=\"is-active orbit-slide\">\n                                <article class=\"post post-type-post\">\n\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/en\/story\/blue-carbon-credits-an-innovative-way-to-finance-mangrove-restoration\/\">\n        <div class=\"post__image\"\n            data-interchange=\"[https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/11\/WhatsApp_Image_2025-10-21_at_13.53.401-1-600x0-c-default.jpg, small], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/11\/WhatsApp_Image_2025-10-21_at_13.53.401-1-800x0-c-default.jpg, medium], [https:\/\/www.iucn.nl\/app\/uploads\/2025\/11\/WhatsApp_Image_2025-10-21_at_13.53.401-1-1800x0-c-default.jpg, large]\">\n            \n            <div class=\"post__in\">\n                <div class=\"post__in--info\">\n                                    <div class=\"post__in--label\">\n                                                                                    Feature stories\n                                                                        <\/div>\n\n                                                                <h3>\n                            Blue carbon credits: an innovative way to finance mangrove restoration\n                        <\/h3>\n                                    <\/div>\n                <div class=\"post__link\">\n                    <i class=\"fas fa-arrow-right\"><\/i>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/a>\n\n<\/article>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                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          <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><h2><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_413110_1();\">Index<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_413110_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_413110_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/h2><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_413110_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">Index<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_1');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_1\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><ins><a href=\"https:\/\/elproyectoesperanza.com\/2020\/medio-ambiente\/ecocidio-en-la-chiquitania-boliviana\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/elproyectoesperanza.com\/2020\/medio-ambiente\/ecocidio-en-la-chiquitania-boliviana\/<\/span><\/a><\/ins><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_2');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_2\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/16\/3\/969\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/16\/3\/969<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi\" ><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_3\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_3');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3,<\/a> <a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_4\" class=\"footnote_backlink\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_4');\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"> Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 5-8.5 represents a future scenario with continued high fossil fuel use, limited climate mitigation efforts, and substantial greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in approximately 4-5\u00b0C global warming by 2100.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_5');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_5\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>5<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/anabolivia.org\/por-orden-judicial-se-inicia-la-restitucion-del-cauce-del-rio-san-lorenzo-y-la-remocion-de-presa\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/anabolivia.org\/por-orden-judicial-se-inicia-la-restitucion-del-cauce-del-rio-san-lorenzo-y-la-remocion-de-presa\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_6');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_6\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>6<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"4.%09https:\/www.sei.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-chiquitania-fires.pdf\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.sei.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-chiquitania-fires.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index_combi pointer\"  onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_413110_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_413110_1_7');\"><a id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_413110_1_7\" class=\"footnote_backlink\"><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>7<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.globalforestwatch.org\/dashboards\/country\/BOL\/\"><span class=\"footnote_url_wrap\">https:\/\/www.globalforestwatch.org\/dashboards\/country\/BOL\/<\/span><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n <\/tbody> <\/table> <\/div><\/div><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> function footnote_expand_reference_container_413110_1() { 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